• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE534940C2
    申请号:SE0900482
    申请日:2009-04-09
    公开日:2012-02-21
    发明作者:David Andrew Eaglestone
    申请人:Bae Systems Plc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    20 25 30 35 534 940 2 for example, the carriage tends to have a wide base. This in turn increases the weight of the cannon.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved field cannon. The embodiments of the invention, which are described in more detail with reference to the figures, do not depend on the provision of a slide and base plate device for influencing the screening. This can lead to a simplified screening mechanism and thus possibly enable lighter screening mechanism designs.
    According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a field cannon comprising: a chassis, a barrel defining a barrel axis and having a transverse and a vertical circumference, a cradle supporting the barrel, a pivot joint connecting the cradle to the chassis, a first linear actuator extendable along a first linear actuator shaft pivotally attached to the chassis by a first chassis joint and pivotally attached to the cradle by a first cradle joint, a second linear actuator extendable along a second linear actuator shaft to pivot means a second chassiled and pivotally attached to the cradle by a second cradle so that a first combination of first linear actuator and second linear actuator actuates transverse position, a second combination of first linear actuator and second linear actuator actuates the height.
    This advantageously reduces the total mass of the field cannon because only two linear actuators are needed to change both the azimuth and the height. Compared to the M777, this eliminates the need for sled rotating equipment. Such a reduction in mass makes the cannon easier to transport by means of, for example, a transport aircraft and also makes the cannon easier to relocate to a second firing range. 10 15 20 25 30 534 940 3 In addition, this provides more than one interface between the chassis (which can be static when the barrel is aimed) and the cradle. In particular, these interfaces are provided by the pivot joint between the cradle and the chassis, the first linear actuator between the cradle and the chassis and the second linear actuator between the cradle and the chassis. Thus, the firepower is transmitted to the chassis not only via the pivot pin but also via the linear actuators. This reduces the maximum load on the pivot joint and thus allows the use of a less noticeable screening means than the sledge of an M777.
    When the barrel is at its midpoint of the transverse circumference of the barrel, the first linear actuator shaft is preferably substantially inclined relative to the barrel shaft, in particular this inclination may be 20-60 '.
    This advantageously allows the linear actuators to move the barrel efficiently, while still providing structural support along the barrel axis.
    Smaller angles than this would require longer linear actuators due to the smaller force component that contributes to barrel displacement. Larger angles would not provide sufficient axial support to the barrel during the firing run.
    When the barrel is at the midpoint of the transverse circumference, the second linear actuating shaft is preferably substantially inclined with respect to a plane defined by the barrel shaft and the first linear actuating shaft, in particular this inclination may be 20-60 '.
    Advantageously, this creates a tripod slave that is of robust shape and that is uncomplicated and light.
    Preferably, the first chassis joint, relative to a polar axis extending forward from the pivot joint along an elevation date line, is substantially parallel to the ground plane, in a position moved from the pivot with a radius r1 and an angle 61, the magnitude of the angle being greater than 90 ° but less than 180 °.
    When the barrel is at a height of zero, preferably the first rocker joint is moved from the pivot joint by a radius rg and an angle G
    Each of these prioritized embodiments acts with advantage to maximize the height range.
    The first and second actuators are preferably arranged substantially symmetrically about the barrel axis when the barrel is at the center position of the transverse circumference.
    Advantageously, this tends to distribute forces and loads evenly over the cannon when firing with the barrel from its center position and tends to reduce the maximum torque arms when the barrel is fired from its end points within its axial range. Thus, the cannon is more robust.
    The first and second actuators are preferably connected to their respective places on the cradle and chassis by means of a global pivot joint or alternatively by means of a universal joint.
    This advantageously produces an infinite shaft oscillation and thus does not limit the field cannon to substantially prevent the extension of the linear actuator from moving the barrel. When the barrel changes transversely, the pivot joint should allow pivoting in a first direction and when the barrel changes its height, the pivot joint should allow pivoting in a second direction, perpendicular to the first. The swing route should also enable simultaneous change of transverse and elevation.
    Preferably, the chassis is for abutting a ground plane and comprises: at least one rear stabilizing leg for abutting the ground plane at a rearmost point a leading point, at least one forward stabilizing leg for abutting towards the ground level at a main point.
    This tends to provide a stable platform for firing and thus improves the weapon's precision.
    Preferably, the chassis comprises a self-propelled member.
    Advantageously, this allows gross changes of the sight (ie outside the range of the barrel movements in relation to a static chassis) to take effect quickly by moving the chassis under its own power. This can reduce the size of the operating crew and thus make it easier to deploy the weapon.
    Preferably, the chassis includes an automatic handling system for reloading the cannon between firings.
    This can reduce the size of the operating crew and make it easier to deploy the weapon.
    In order that the invention may be fully understood, two possible embodiments shall be described with reference to the figures.
    Figure 1 shows a first view of a towable field cannon according to a first embodiment of the invention, the field cannon being arranged so that the barrel is at the midpoint of its transverse circumference and in line with the central line of the field cannon.
    Figure 2 shows a second view of the field cannon in figure 1, where the barrel is shown set at height zero.
    Figure 2a shows a commented close-up to illustrate the geometric arrangement of the joints. Figure 3 shows a first view of a self-propelled field cannon according to a second embodiment of the present invention, with the field cannon arranged so that the barrel is set at an end point in its transverse circumference.
    Figure 4 shows a second view of the field cannon in Figure 3.
    Figures 5a and 5b show a field gun in the prior art, and more specifically, Figure 5a shows a side view of the field gun in the prior art, and Figure 5b shows a side view of a section through the center line of the field gun.
    Referring to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a field gun 100 which includes a chassis 2 disposed on a ground surface which, for simplicity, is shown as a ground plane 1. The chassis 2 includes a base 3 and stabilizing legs 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d. The rear stabilizing legs 5a and 5b (also known as rear) can be rotated about a hinge 7 so that the legs 5a and 5b can be moved to a deployed state (as shown by solid lines in Figures 1 and 2) to stabilize the field gun 100 in use. and to a folded position (as shown by a dashed line) for transport.
    As shown, the base 3 and the stabilizing legs 5c and 5d are in contact with the ground surface at their respective positions and define a contact plane which is flush with the ground surface 1 when the field cannon is in its deployed state. The rear legs 5a and 5b are in contact with the ground plane 1 at their respective positions. The hind legs may include feet that can be pushed into the ground as shown to provide extra stability.
    The chassis 2 comprises a multi-axle pivot pin 10 substantially provided in the area around the base 3 so that the pivot pin 10 can be placed near the ground plane 1. The pivot pin 10 connects the chassis 2 to an arm 9 of a cradle 8 and thereby allows the arm to pivot about several axes. A barrel 4 is connected to the cradle 8 to allow a relative sliding movement so that the barrel can recoil along a barrel shaft 6 when a projectile is fired from the barrel. Relatively sliding movement can be achieved by any suitable means, for example support bearings (not shown).
    The chassis 2 is provided with a first and a second rod 15a and 15b, each extending from the base 3 and substantially away from the ground plane 1. The first and second rods 15a and 15b extend from the base 3 at an area to the rear (left). as shown in Figures 1 and 2) from the pivoting joint 10.
    First and second linear actuators 14a and 14b extend between the cradle 8 and the first rod 15a and the second rod 15b, respectively. The linear actuators are extensible in length. The linear actuators 14a and 14b are connected by means of first and second chassis joints 16a and 16b to the respective upper portions of the first and second rods 15a and 15b and by means of first and second cradle joints 18a and 18b to the cradle 8. The chassis joints 16a and 16b is seen rearwardly from the multi-joint shaft joint 10 and the cradle joints 18a and 18b are seen forwards from the pivot joint 10.
    The linear actuators 14a and 14b are pivotable about the chassis joints 16a and 16b and about the cradle joints 18a and 18b in a vertical and a horizontal plane. The joints l6a, l6b, l8a and l8b can be global pivot joints, which may comprise a spherical interface between moving parts.
    The extension or retraction of the linear actuators 14a and 14b can be operated manually by rotating the knobs 17a and 17b. Extension and retraction of the linear actuators 14a and 14b control a distance between the joints 16a and 18a and between the joints 16b and 18b, respectively. Thus, the orientation of the cradle 8 and the barrel 4 relative to the chassis can be controlled by operating the linear actuators.
    Each of the knobs 17a and 17b operates a respective groove screw internal to the linear actuator (not shown) which extends or retracts the linear actuator depending on the direction of rotation of the knobs 17a and 17b. The field gun 100 and the arrangement of the sizes of the knobs 17a and 17b are such that a single operator is able to rotate both knobs simultaneously.
    As an alternative to slotted screw actuation, the linear actuators 14a and 14b can be actuated by hydraulic means. Hydraulic means allow hand drivers to be at a distance from the controls and can thus be located in an ergonomically optimal arrangement.
    Referring to Figure 2a, the pivot pin 10 coincides with a height date line 11. The height date line 11 is substantially parallel to the ground plane 1 and thus substantially parallel to the barrel axis 6 when the height is zero.
    The positions l6a and l6b positions will now be described in more detail by using polar coordinates. The chassis 16b is at the distance r1 from the pivot 10 and has an angle 61 with the date line 11. The cradle 18b is at a distance rz from the pivot 10 and has an angle Gznæd the date line ll. As shown in this embodiment, ri is less than rg, 91 is greater than 90 ° but less than 180 ° and 62 is less than 90 ° but greater than 0 °.
    Although not explicitly shown in Figure 2a, joints 16a and 18a 1 are relative to the multi-joint 10 and the date line 11 are arranged in an equivalent manner to the joints 16a and 18a. 10 15 20 25 30 35 534 S40 9 In order to control an initial trajectory of a projectile fired from the barrel 4 of the field gun, it is necessary to control the orientation of the barrel in relation to the chassis. Orientation can be controlled in a vertical plane which is usually referred to as height and in a horizontal or azimuth plane which is usually referred to as transverse.
    As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the arm 9 and the linear actuators 14a and 14b form a tripod slave arrangement. The linear actuators in the tripod slave constitute legs which are extensible in length, while the arm 9 constitutes a leg of fixed length. For a given length of the first linear actuator, extension and retraction of the second linear actuator creates pivotal movement of the barrel shaft 6 in a plane intersecting an angle between the first linear actuator and the arm. For a given length of the second actuator, extension and retraction of the first linear actuator similarly creates a pivotal movement of the barrel shaft 6 in a plane which intersects an angle between the second linear actuator and the arm.
    Thus, the choice of suitable lengths of the first and second linear actuators causes the barrel shaft to be oriented at any of a plurality of angles relative to both the vertical and azimuth planes, thereby controlling the transverse position and height of the barrel.
    For example, the barrel is oriented in the middle of a transverse circumference 12 (as shown in Figures 1 and 2 where the barrel is also aligned with a center line of the gun) by arranging the linear actuators symmetrically with respect to the barrel shaft 6. As shown, the first linear actuator 14a is oriented at an angle 13 relative to the barrel axis 6, which is approximately + 25 °, and the second linear actuator 14b is oriented at an angle relative to the barrel axis 6, which is approximately - 25 °. Equal extension or retraction of the first and second actuators 14a and 14b causes the barrel shaft 6 to be oriented at a selected height with a transverse position which is in line with a gun central shaft.
    In addition, the distance from the ground plane to the first chassis path 16a and the second chassis path 16b is equal and therefore both joints are included in a plane parallel to the ground plane 1. In this plane, the two joints are laterally spaced from the central gun axis with - equal amount.
    The pivot joint 10, the first chassis joint 16a and the second chassis joint 16b define a triangle. The barrel shaft 6 passes through the triangle over the full range of transverse and height configurations.
    In use, the barrel can be screened while the chassis 2 remains stationary. To change only transversely, one linear actuator is extended at a certain rate and the other linear actuator is retracted at the same rate. To change the height, both linear actuators must either be retracted at the same rate (to increase the height) or extended at the same rate (to decrease the height). Forces created by recoil are mainly transmitted from the cradle 8 through the arm 9 to the chassis 2 and are therefore more easily absorbed and transmitted to the ground, than in the case of the prior art cannon shown in Figures 5a and 5b.
    Referring to Figures 3 and 4, a field gun 200 is shown which includes a barrel 24 slidably connected to a cradle 28 so that the barrel 24 can slide along a barrel shaft 26. The barrel 24 can be oriented to aim at the barrel 24 by means of the linear actuators 34a and 34b. The cradle 28 comprises an arm 29 extending to a multi-axle pivot pin 30 whereby the cradle 28 is connected to a self-propelled chassis 22. The self-propelled chassis 22 is provided with a motor-driven caterpillar wheel base 32 for performing propulsion. ll and a handling system 33 for automatically reloading the cannon between firings.
    The linear actuators 34a and 34b are connected between the joints 38a and 38b at the cradle 28 and the joints 36a and 36b at the chassis 22, respectively. The chassis joints 36a and 36b are closer to the ground plane 1 than the pivot joint 30.
    The barrel 24 is screened by extending or retracting the linear actuators 34a and 34b in the same manner as in the first embodiment, except that extension of both the linear actuators 34a and 34b increases the height and retraction of the two linear actuators reduces the height. since the chassis joints 36a and 36b are lower than the multi-axis joint 30 while the chassis joints 16a and 16b in the first embodiment, on the other hand, are higher than the pivot joint 10.
    A transverse end of the gun can also be affected by the caterpillar wheel base 32, for example by driving the adjacent caterpillar in the opposite direction to the caterpillar on the far side.
    In both embodiments, the linear actuators (14a; 14b; 34a; 34b) are arranged symmetrically about the center line of the cannon chassis (2:22). Furthermore, in each embodiment, the joints between the chassis and the linear actuators are located at equal distances from the ground plane 1.
    In addition, the joints between the cradle and the linear actuators are equidistant from the ground plane 1.
    While the arrangement of the linear actuators in the first and second embodiments is advantageous because in both cases the linear actuators are symmetrical and therefore the load on the actuators is substantially equal. It should be understood that other arrangements are also possible. For example, with reference to the first embodiment, chassiled l6a may be higher than chassiled l6b. Such an arrangement requires asymmetrical control of the linear actuators to provide selectable orientation of the barrel axis and may lead to reduced location for the orientation in the vertical and azimuth planes.
    In a further example of arrangement, linear actuators may be arranged so that a first actuator extends in a vertical plane (i.e. perpendicular to the ground plane) and a second actuator extends in a horizontal plane (i.e. parallel with the ground plane). In this case, the vertical plane actuator affects the height axis and the horizontal plane actuator affects the transverse axis of the barrel.
    The cannon can be made of materials and components that a professional would choose. Aluminum alloys would be particularly suitable for the design of the simpler structures. Whenever possible, the chassis 2 can be constructed of hollow rectangular sections. The 2 rods of the chassis are, for example, constructed in this way. Each of these regulations minimizes weight without causing large costs.
    The joints can be universal joints or they can be balancing joints to allow the required oscillation.
    The cannon is suitable for firing 155 mm and 105 mm ammunition, but the invention is equally applicable to all caliber ammunition.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    Field cannon (100, 200) comprising: a chassis (2, 22), a barrel (4, 24) defining a barrel shaft (6, 26) and having a transverse (12) and a height-adjusting circumference, a cradle (8, 28) supporting the barrel, the barrel being arranged at the cradle in such a manner as to allow sliding relative movement therebetween, a pivot joint (10, 30) allowing pivoting about at least two shafts, the joint connecting the cradle to the chassis, a first linear actuator (14a, 34a), extendable along a first linear actuator shaft pivotally attached to the chassis by a first chassis lead (16a, 36a) and pivotally attached to the cradle by a first cradle joint (18a, 38a), a second linear actuator (14b, 34b) extensible along a second linear actuator shaft, pivotally attached to the cradle by a second chassis lead (16b, 36b) and pivotally attached to the cradle by a second cradle joint ( 18b, 38b) such a first combination of first linear actuator actuation and second linear actuator actuation change transverse position, a second combination of first linear actuator actuation and second linear actuator actuation changes the height, and wherein the first cradle the second cradle joint is in front of the pivot joint.
    [2]
    A cannon according to claim 1, such that when the barrel is at its * midpoint of the transverse circumference of the barrel, the first linear actuator shaft is substantially inclined towards the barrel shaft.
    [3]
    A gun according to claim 2, wherein the first linear actuator shaft is inclined 20-60 ° relative to the barrel shaft. .
    [4]
    A gun according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 so that when the barrel is at its midpoint of the transverse circumference of the barrel, the second linear actuator shaft is substantially inclined relative to a plane defined by the barrel shaft and the first linear actuator shaft. .
    [5]
    A gun according to claim 4, wherein the second linear actuator shaft is inclined by 20-60 'relative to a plane defined by the barrel shaft and the first linear actuator shaft. .
    [6]
    A cannon according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the position of the first chassis joint, relative to a polar axis extending forward from the pivot along an elevation line (II) substantially parallel to the ground plane (1), is defined by polar cows. ordinates with a radius rl and an angle 61, the magnitude of the angle being greater than 90 'but less than 180 °. .
    [7]
    A cannon according to claim 6, such that when the barrel is at a height of zero, the position of the first cradle joint is defined in polar coordinates by the radius rg and an angle 62, wherein r is less than r and G is less than 90 "but greater than 0 ". 534 940 IS
    [8]
    A gun according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and the second linear actuator are arranged substantially symmetrically about the barrel axis when the barrel is in its transverse center point.
    [9]
    A gun according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and the second linear actuators are connected to their respective respective places on the cradle and the chassis by means of a global pivot joint.
    [10]
    A cannon according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cradle is connected to the chassis by means of a universal joint.
    [11]
    A cannon according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the chassis is for abutting the ground plane and comprises: At least one rear stabilizing leg (5a, 5b, 5c, Sd) for abutting the ground plane at a rearmost point, at least one forward stabilizing leg to abut the ground plane at a prime point.
    [12]
    A cannon according to any one of claims 1-10 wherein the chassis comprises a self-propelled member.
    [13]
    A cannon according to claim 12, wherein the chassis comprises an automated handling system (33) for reloading the cannon between firings.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    GB2459192A|2009-10-21|
    US8291809B2|2012-10-23|
    SE0900482A1|2009-12-01|
    DE102009012254A1|2010-01-28|
    US20120097016A1|2012-04-26|
    GB2459192B|2010-08-04|
    CA2660737A1|2010-04-22|
    FR2930983B1|2015-03-06|
    CA2660737C|2015-08-25|
    AU2009200979A1|2010-02-18|
    GB0906493D0|2009-06-17|
    AU2009200979B2|2013-10-31|
    FR2930983A1|2009-11-13|
    DE102009012254B4|2010-12-02|
    GB0806789D0|2009-06-17|
    引用文献:
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    DE2349720A1|1973-10-03|1975-05-07|Hopp Ing Buero|Cannon with elevation and azimuth motion - supported in orthogonal cardan frame mounting with trunnion bearings|
    DE2962973D1|1979-01-11|1982-07-15|Oerlikon Buehrle Ag|Device for supporting and aiming an indirect firing weapon|
    US4440061A|1981-04-20|1984-04-03|Paccar Inc.|Gun traverse apparatus|
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    DE3623652A1|1986-07-12|1988-01-14|Mauser Werke Oberndorf|Mounting device for a cannon|
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    US5922987A|1996-06-18|1999-07-13|Mcdonnell Douglas Helicopter Co.|Hydraulic traverse and elevation mechanism|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GBGB0806789.4A|GB0806789D0|2008-04-14|2008-04-14|Field gun|
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